Axion-electron coupling
Basic plot
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Basic plot with projections
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Closeup of underground detectors
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See Berlin et al. 2023 for a summary of the physical effects of electron-coupled axions, where several of these limits and projections were compiled. I thank Kevin Zhou and Alex Millar for discussions related to this plot.
Data files and references
Laboratory bounds
Underground detectors
- DARWIN: projection, reference
- DarkSide-50: limit, reference
- EDELWEISS: limit, projection, reference
- GERDA: limit, reference
- LUX: limit, reference
- LZ: projection, reference
- PandaX-II: limit, reference
- Semiconductors projection, reference
- Spin-orbit coupling projection, reference
- Superconductors projection, reference
- SuperCDMS: limit, reference
- XENON1T (ALP DM search, S2 only): limit, reference
- XENON1T (ALP DM search S1+S2): limit, reference
- XENON1T (ALP DM search single electron): limit, reference
- XENON1T (Solar axion basin): limit, reference
- XENONnT (ALP DM): limit, reference
- XENONnT (Solar axions): limit, reference
Haloscopes:
- Axion-wind multilayer: projection (SQL), projection (Single photon), reference
- Axion-magnon conversion (scanning): projection, reference1, reference2
- Electron Storage Ring: projection, reference
- Fermionic Axion Interferometer: limit, reference
- Magnon quantum nondemolition: limit, reference
- NV Centers projection, reference
- Old comagnetometers: limit, reference
- Future comagnetometers: projection, reference
- QUAX: limit, reference 2018, reference 2020
- Torsion pendulum (DM search): limit, reference
- Torsion pendulum (projection): limit, reference
- YIG: projection, reference