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Axion-photon coupling
Basic plot
Basic plot with projections
Helioscope closeup
High energy astrophysics limits closeup
Haloscopes closeup
Ultralight axions
Heavy axions
Heavy axions closeup
Axion decay bounds closeup
Simplified plot
FIPs White Paper version
FIPs White Paper version (closeup)
Ultra-simplified plot
Data files and references
Bounds combined into one .txt file:
Haloscopes:
- ABRACADABRA (Run 1): limit, reference
- ABRACADABRA (Run 2): limit, reference
- ABRACADABRA (Projection) projection, reference
- ADBC: projection, reference
- ADBC (First results): limit, reference
- ADMX (2010): limit, reference
- ADMX (2018): limit, reference
- ADMX (2019): limit1, limit2, reference
- ADMX (2021): limit, reference
- ADMX (2024): limit, reference
- ADMX Sidecar: limit, reference
- ADMX Sidecar (JTWPA): limit, reference
- ADMX SLIC: limit, reference
- ADMX Projection: projection, reference
- aLIGO: projection, reference
- ALPHA: projection, reference
- BabyIAXO-RADES: projection, reference
- BASE: limit, reference
- BRASS: projection, reference
- BREAD: projection, reference
- CADEx: projection, reference
- CAPP-1: limit, reference
- CAPP-2: limit, reference
- CAPP-3: limit, reference
- CAPP-4: limit, reference1, reference2
- CAPP-5: limit, reference
- CAPP-6 (DFSZ): limit, reference
- CAPP-7: limit, reference
- CAPP-8 (KSVZ): limit, reference
- CAPP-MAX (DFSZ): limit, reference
- CAST-CAPP: limit, reference
- DALI: projection, reference
- DANCE concept: projection, reference
- DANCE (2023): limit, reference
- DarkGEO: projection, reference
- DM-Radio: projection, reference
- FLASH: projection, reference
- GrAHal: limit, reference
- HAYSTAC Phase I: limit, reference1, reference2
- HAYSTAC Phase II-a/b: limit, reference1, reference2
- HAYSTAC Phase II-c/d: limit, reference1
- LAMPOST: projection, reference
- LIDA: limit, reference
- MADMAX (2024): limit, reference
- MADMAX (future): projection, reference
- ORGAN (2017): limit, projection, reference
- ORGAN-1a (2022): limit,reference
- ORGAN-1b (2023): limit,reference
- ORGAN-Q (2024): limit,reference
- QUAX (2019): limit, reference
- QUAX (2020): limit, reference
- QUAX (2022): limit, reference
- QUAX (2023): limit, reference
- QUAX (2024): limit, reference
- QUAX Projection: projection, reference
- RADES (2021): limit, reference
- RADES (2024): limit, reference
- RBF: limit, reference1 reference2
- SHAFT: limit, reference
- SNIPE Hunt: limit, reference
- SRF: projection, reference
- SuperMAG (1 min): limit, reference
- SuperMAG (1 sec): limit, reference
- TASEH: limit, reference
- TOORAD: projection1, projection2, reference
- Twisted Anyon Cavity: projection, reference
- UF: limit, reference, reference2
- UPLOAD (2019): limit, reference
- UPLOAD (2023): limit, reference
- WISPLC: projection, reference
Helioscopes/LSW
- ALPS: limit, reference
- ALPS-II: projection, reference
- CAST (2007): limit, reference
- CAST (2017): limit, reference
- CAST (2024): limit, reference
- CROWS: limit, reference
- babyIAXO: projection, reference
- EuXFL: limit, reference
- IAXO: projection, reference
- IAXO+: projection, reference
- IAXO (Galactic SN): projection, reference
- OSQAR: limit, reference
- PVLAS: limit, reference
- SAPPHIRES: limit, reference
- WISPFI: projection, reference
Astrophysical searches for axions NOT as dark matter (green)
- ATHENA: projection, reference
- Astrophysical Black hole spins: limit, reference
- Betelgeuse (NuStar X-ray obs.): limit, reference
- Bullet Cluster (Radio): limit, reference
- Cosmic IR background (axion hint): limit, reference
- Chandra (Hydra-A): limit, reference
- Chandra (M87): limit, reference
- Chandra (NGC 1275): limit, reference
- Chandra (H1821+643): limit, reference
- CMB Patchy screening (Planck + unWISE): limit, reference
- CMB Patchy screening (FIRAS): limit, reference
- Diffuse SN ALP background: limit, reference
- Diffuse gamma-rays: limit, reference
- Distance ladder: limit, reference
- Fermi-LAT (NGC 1275): limit, hole, reference
- Fermi-LAT (Galactic SN): projection, reference
- Fermi-LAT (Extragalactic SNe): limit, reference
- Fermi-LAT (Quasars): limit, reference
- Freeze-in ALPs (irreducible axions): limit, reference
- Globular cluster R-parameter: limit, reference
- Globular cluster R2-parameter: limit, reference
- GW170817 (Fermi-LAT): limit, reference
- GW170817 (fireball): limit, reference
- HAWC (TeV Blazars): limit, reference
- HESS (PKS 2155-304): limit, reference
- M82 (NuSTAR): limit, reference
- MAGIC (Perseus galaxy cluster): limit, reference
- Magnetic white dwarf X-rays: limit1, limit2, reference
- Magnetic white dwarf polarisation: limit, reference
- Mrk 421 (ARGO-YBJ+Fermi): limit, reference
- Mrk 421 (MAGIC+Fermi): limit, reference
- NuSTAR (Sun): limit, reference
- Planck (BBN + N_eff): limit, reference
- Pulsar polar caps: limit, reference
- Solar neutrinos: limit, reference
- Solar basin, DeRocco et al. (NuSTAR): limit, reference
- Solar basin, Beaufort et al. (NuSTAR and SPHINX): limit, reference
- StAB (stellar axion background): limit, reference
- SN1987A ALP decay to gammas: limit, reference, see also
- SN1987A low-mass ALPs (old limit): limit, reference
- SN1987A low-mass ALPs (limit including progenitor B-field): limit, reference
- SN1987A neutrinos/cooling bound: limit, reference
- SN1987A X-ray/gamma-ray PVO: limit, reference
- SNe (low-energy) ALP decay: limit, reference
- Super star clusters (NuSTAR Xray): limit, reference
- White dwarf initial-final mass relation: limit, reference
Astrophysical searches for axions as dark matter (blue)
- 21 cm power spectrum: projection, reference
- Axion star explosions: limit1, limit2, reference
- BICEP/KECK: limit, reference
- Black hole polarimetry projection, reference
- Breakthrough Listen (Doppler): limit, reference
- Cosmic optical, UV, X-ray backgrounds limit, reference
- CMB-S4 (birefringence) projection, reference
- COBE/FIRAS + Planck spectral distortions: limit, reference1, reference2
- eROSITA early data release (ALP decay) projection, reference
- eROSITA (ALP decay) projection, reference
- Gamma-ray attenuation: limit, reference
- Gamma-ray decay: limit, reference
- HST Cosmic optical background anisotropies (Nakayama and Yin): limit, reference
- HST Cosmic optical background anisotropies (Carenza et al.): limit, reference
- INTEGRAL (ALP decay): limit, reference
- JWST Blank sky (ALP decay): limit, reference
- Leo T gas temperature: limit, reference
- MOJAVE: limit, reference
- Neutron stars (breakthrough listen) limit, reference
- Neutron stars (PSR J2144−3933) limit, reference
- NuSTAR (decaying DM): limit, compiled from ref1, ref2, ref3
- POLARBEAR (CMB): limit, reference
- POLARBEAR (Tau T): limit, reference
- PPTA+QUIJOTE: limit, reference
- Pulsar Polarisation Arrays: projection, reference
- PSR J0437−4715 limit, reference
- Sagittarius Astar limit, reference
- SPT: limit, reference
- Telescopes (Haystack): limit, reference
- Telescopes (MUSE Dwarfs): limit, reference
- Telescopes (VIMOS Abell 2667 and 2390): limit, reference
- THESEUS (ALP DM decay to Xrays): projection, reference
- WINERED: limit, reference
- XMM-Newton (decaying DM): limit, reference
- XRISM (decaying DM): projection, reference
- 2011 Compilation: EBL, X-rays, x_ion, reference
Collider, accelerator and beam dump bounds (purple)
- ATLAS (PbPb): limit, reference
- BaBar: limit, reference
- Beam dump (combined): limit, CHARM, E141, E137, NuCal, NA64
- Belle II: limit, reference
- BESIII: limit, reference, reference2
- CMS (PbPb): limit, reference
- CONUS: projection, reference
- DUNE: projection, reference
- FASER (LLP): projection, reference
- GlueX: limit, reference
- LEP: limit, reference
- LHC (pp): limit, reference
- MiniBooNE: limit, reference
- NOMAD: limit, reference
- OPAL: limit, reference
- PrimEx: limit, reference
